| 石墨烯及其衍生物在骨和软骨损伤修复中的研究进展 |
| Research progress of graphene and its derivatives in bone and cartilage injury repair |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-05 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-5972.2026.04.013 |
| 中文关键词: 石墨烯 骨组织工程 软骨修复 生物支架 组织再生 |
| 英文关键词:Graphene Bone tissue engineering Cartilage repair Biological scaffold Tissue regeneration |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（82172011） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 11 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 骨和软骨损伤的修复是临床面临的重大挑战，传统治疗方法存在供体短缺、免疫排斥等问题。组织工程的发展为这类损伤修复提供了新思路，而石墨烯及其衍生物因其独特的物理、化学性质成为理想的生物材料。本文综述了石墨烯及其衍生物在骨和软骨组织工程中的应用研究进展。石墨烯材料具有高比表面积、优异的机械性能和生物相容性，能够增强生物支架的力学性能并促进细胞附着、增殖与分化。在骨组织工程中，石墨烯通过调控成骨相关基因表达和信号通路，加速骨缺损修复；在软骨修复中，石墨烯材料通过抗氧化、抗炎作用及促进细胞外基质合成，改善软骨再生质量。此外，石墨烯基双层或梯度支架在骨软骨一体化修复中展现出协同再生潜力。尽管石墨烯材料在临床转化中仍面临挑战，但其在骨和软骨损伤修复领域具有广阔的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The repair of bone and cartilage injuries remains a major clinical challenge, as conventional treatments are often constrained by factors such as donor scarcity and immune rejection. Recent advances in tissue engineering have introduced new therapeutic strategies, among which graphene and its derivatives have emerged as promising biomaterials due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. This review provides an overview of recent progress in applying graphene-based materials to bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Owing to their high specific surface area, exceptional mechanical strength, and favorable biocompatibility, graphene-enhanced scaffolds improve mechanical stability and promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In bone tissue engineering, graphene facilitates bone defect repair by modulating osteogenic gene expression and activating relevant signaling pathways. In cartilage regeneration, graphene-based materials enhance repair quality through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms as well as by promoting extracellular matrix synthesis. Additionally, bilayer and gradient scaffolds incorporating graphene exhibit synergistic effects conducive to integrated osteochondral repair. Despite existing challenges in clinical translation, graphene-based biomaterials show substantial potential for improving the treatment of bone and cartilage injuries. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
